Direct current motor or DC motor help convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. It is used in most household applications and electronic devices. It is widely used in CD players, computers, remote control aircraft, electric razors, etc. Some of the most important parts of the DC motor include the rotor, armature, stator, and brushed commutators. It is considered to be the simplest type of motor used in many of the electrical appliances. Compared with AC motor, it is more controllable and powerful.

DC motor working procedure

A field of magnetism is created within the device as it is equipped with magnets and electromagnetic windings. An armature is placed between the south and north poles of the magnet inside the motor. When energy passes through the armature, the magnetic field interacts with the field generated by the armature. The opposite polarity makes the motor turn.

Basically, there are three types of DC motors including the stepper motor, the brush motor and the brushless motor.

Stepper Motors – One of the most common varieties of DC motors includes the stepper motor. These brushless electric motors work on the basis of electromagnets that rotate the internal shaft. There are computer controlled stepper motors available at most online and offline stores. It is widely used in satellites, floppy drives, CD drives, toys, and scanners. Due to its functional operations, it can be controlled quite easily. But stepper motors require an external driver as it includes low power.

Brush Motor: Brush motors are considered the standard DC motors that can be powered by any type of DC battery. Includes a split gear switch. However, these devices have certain drawbacks. The brushes and commutator ring come into contact with each other, creating friction and considerable damage to the ring and brushes. Both the ring and brushes will require constant replacements. Modern brushes are made of carbon, which is durable compared to copper wires. It also causes less friction. These devices are less expensive and easy to operate.

Brushless Motors: As these motors do not include brushes, it is considered the most suitable device. It is durable and includes less maintenance. It is also efficient and powerful compared to the other types of DC motors. It includes an external switch and a rotor that reverses the direction of the current.

As this motor does not include brushes, there is hardly any possibility of friction and damage to the equipment. Therefore, it can be used in heavy machinery and electrical equipment. It is also considered profitable and sustainable. It is also cooler than AC motors and therefore lasts longer.

The DC motor is used in different applications such as drilling machines, looms, lathes, profiling machines and spinning machines. It is also used in air compressors, vacuum cleaners, sewing machines, elevators, and hair dryers. Apart from these, it is used for a wide variety of industrial purposes.